ARCHEOLOGICAL SITES

The municipality of Valandovo is known for its interesting archeological sites that contribute to the development of cultural tourism. The following archeological sites can be seen on the territory of the municipality of Valandovo:

 

"Isar" Marvinci - archeological site ("Isar-Kale") is located near the village Marvinci, 7 km southwest of Valandovo. The location of the site is on the dominant hill southwest above the village, i.e. on the left side of the river Vardar in the direction north-south along the river. Also in the immediate vicinity is the old highway that connects the northern with the southern border. In ancient times in this area there was a prehistoric settlement, on the remains of which, thanks to favorable conditions and location in the Vardar valley, later developed an ancient settlement from Hellenistic times, which gradually grew into an important economic, traffic and cultural center of the area in ancient times. called Amfaxitida, stretching on both sides of the river Axios (Vardar). Both the settlement and the necropolis can be seen on the site, which has been explored for a long time. The site was first noted in World War I, when Iron Age finds were discovered. Archaeological excavations at the site show continuous living from the VII century BC. to VI century AD.

The Paionians are the first inhabitants of this locality, according to the material remains found from the necropolises. In the locality "Lisichin Dol" in one of the graves was found the so-called Paeonian priestess who offers some of the most representative findings from this period in the country. At the same time, the Paionians are associated with the oldest cultural horizons that appear on the site. The site continuously survives and lives through the Archaic, Classical, Hellenistic, Roman and Late Roman periods. This ancient city has a strong location in Amfaxitida which controlled the Vardar highway (Via Axia). Also, according to the buildings and material remains, it is undoubtedly a highly developed and economic city. This city is mentioned for the first time by the ancient writer Thucydides, that is, he describes these Paeonian cities Dober and Idomene in the description of Sitalk's campaign. A Roman milestone was also found bearing the names of the ancient (Paeonian) cities of Dober and Idomene, both of which are believed to be in the Valandovo municipality. Thus in some sources the ancient Idomene is assumed to be the city of Isar Marvinci. The acropolis is located on a flat plateau on the hill itself, it was protected by large massive ramparts which in turn protect the city administration, buildings of public and cult character. One of the most important buildings on this site is the Temple which was built by a Macedonian monarch completed in 181 AD. It was dedicated to Heracles, i.e. the emperor Commodus, who after his reign his name was removed from the architrave, and the temple remained and continued to function in later life.

 

Archaeological complex "Valandovo" for which in the area of ​​today's city are found remains of Roman antiquity, which is intensively present in all three zones of the archaeological complex "Valandovo". These are remnants of the Peonian civilization, as well as of the Hellenistic, Roman and early Byzantine periods, when ancient Valandovo reached a high level of civilization.

Zone 1: A mosaic area of ​​about 200m² was discovered in the northwestern part of the city.

Zone 2: Mosaics were discovered in the locality "Rasadnik", in the southern part of Valandovo, ie in the locality "Stakina Cheshma".

Zone 3: In the area of ​​the spring "St. Peter and Paul" and the monastery "St. George" as well as the area around them.

In the area of ​​the city of Valandovo there are localities where several time cultural horizons meet.

Early antique graves were discovered in the locality of Zelenishte, during the construction of the health center in Valandovo. Burials are performed in graves cysts with inhumation and they are built of blocks made of limestone.

"Stakina Cheshma" is a site from Roman times, which is located near the city and can be said to be in the city itself. The site "Stakina Cheshma" is an extraordinary site where only one house has been discovered so far, the palace that until now was considered a rustic villa. According to reconnaissance, construction materials and ceramics were found in a larger area on that terrain. However, due to insufficient research on the site itself can not be considered a villa rustic, as the size of the city is unknown for now. The palace itself is considered to have been built in the late years of the third century AD. or perhaps in the early years of the fourth century AD. The building has several rooms in which exclusive mosaics made of opus sectile and opus teselatum have been found on the floors. Archaeological excavations have uncovered fragments of fine tableware, lamps (alfalfa), and coins from Licinius, Constantine I, and Constantius II.

The site "Isar Kula" is a site but due to the unexplored nature of the site does not allow accurate dating of its existence, but in some sources it is mentioned as a late antique and medieval site. This site is at the head of a long, rocky mountain ridge with steep slopes. The site is located northwest of the city, in the locality "Izvor" and extends along the ridge above the monastery "St. George "to this day the visible and well-preserved defense tower. This construction site has a great location which is hard to reach and was difficult to conquer and thus easy to defend. Today on the field are visible large defensive walls, ramparts. Perhaps this is the aforementioned Paeonian city of Dober from Thucydides.

 

"Idomena" is an underground cultural monument that dates back to before the Roman period, sometime in the late IV or early V century BC.

 

"Dober" is a former episcopal city, which is supposed to be located in the Valandovo valley, northeast of Idomena. The city of Dober was first mentioned in the late 5th century by the Hellenistic historian Thucydides.

 

"The necropolis near the village of Dedeli" is a silent witness to the ancient culture which belongs to the so-called flat skeletal tombs from the Peonian period, surrounded by stone slabs in the form of coffins (cysts). The necropolis at Dedeli is large in size and covers an area of ​​about 1,000 m. On the left side of the road Valandovo - Dojran is the village Dedeli. This necropolis was first discovered in 1917 during the First World War. At the locality "Melezik" in the village Dedeli is the site, an iron necropolis. In this necropolis, burials are performed by inhumation in grave structures (cysts), but burials in large ceramic vessels (pithos) also occur. According to the material remains, it is an Iron Age necropolis and dates back to the 7th century BC. to VI century BC.

The municipality of Valandovo abounds with many archeological sites, some of which have not yet been explored. In fact it is a part of the ancient Macedonian area Amfaxitida which is mentioned in many ancient sources. One of the busiest highways passes through it, i.e. the Vardar highway (Via Axia), but of course there are other road sections that pass through the Valandovo municipality, there is also the road section that connects the Valandovo region with the Strumica region, also from here passes the other road branch which is separated from the Vardar highway, passed through the city of Valandovo and along the crossing Dedeli comes to Dojran and continued to Thessaloniki. Road networks, good climatic conditions for agriculture and animal husbandry and mineral resources that are very important for the cultural and economic development of the population of these areas, make this area very favorable to be inhabited from prehistory to the present day.

 

"Fossils near Bashibos" is an interesting cultural layer in the locality "Jolburun" in Prsten river, fossils of animals from the family of so-called "mastodons" (a type of an elephant from before the flood).

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